perdonar means: to acquit, to forgive, to pardon, to remit
In this lesson we will see how to conjugate the verb perdonar in the Futuro Perfecto tense of the Indicativo mood. It means we will see step by step how to get the following conjugation:
yo | habré perdonado | I will have acquited |
tú | habrás perdonado | you will have acquited |
él/ella/usted | habrá perdonado | he/she/it will have acquited |
nosotros/nosotras | habremos perdonado | we will have acquited |
vosotros/vosotras | habréis perdonado | you will have acquited |
ellos/ellas/ustedes | habrán perdonado | they will have acquited |
How to translate Futuro Perfecto to English
Notice that the phrases in English in the third column of the above conjugation table are not direct translations from Spanish to English. They are usually the closest general equivalents. The example differences are:- In Spanish, there is the form usted in the third person singular. But this person does not translate to the English third person singular. It translates to the so called formal you and uses the inflected form which is most often represented as he/she/it in English conjugation charts.
- Similar situation happens in the third person plural, where ustedes translates to the English plural formal you but uses the form which corresponds to the they form in English.
- Tenses are used differently in Spanish and English, so the actual translation should always take into account the context and focus on translating the meaning, not just words.
- In both languages each verb may have multiple meanings and not every meaning translates directly to the other language. Here also, the context and focusing on the particular meaning helps to create the most accurate translation.
Step by step instructions
Futuro Perfecto is a compound tense (Spanish: compuesto). It means that all of its inflected forms consist of two words. In Spanish language, there are also simple tenses, where each conjugated verb form is one word long. In a compound tense the endings of the auxiliary verb change, not the endings of the main verb, which is the case in Spanish simple tenses. In the compound tenses, every person’s form consist of two parts:
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See the conjugation charts and this haber conjugation lesson to learn how to conjugate the auxiliary verb haber. That’s a separate topic, so for brevity we’re focusing on the parts derived from perdonar only here. In order to create the Participio form, we need a stem and an ending. We use the stem of the infinitive of the main verb, and a single ending, which depends on the conjugation group of the main verb. So we begin by splitting the infinitive into a stem and an ending. It’s really easy to do – just remove two letters from the end of the infinitive form and you have the ending – one of -ar, -er, -ir. What’s left is the stem. So for perdonar:
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Based on the ending of the infinitive we can tell that perdonar belongs to the -ar verb group. This group, in turn, uses the -ado ending in its Participio form. Putting all that together, our Participio is: perdonado. Now, as we understand how both parts used by this tense are created separately, let’s proceed with creating the final conjugation forms. |
In order to create the first person singular form, we need to take the first person singular form of haber conjugated in Futuro Imperfecto de Indicativo, which is habré. To that we add the Participio perdonado to get habré perdonado:
Next, to create the form for the second person singular, we again simply take the second person singular form of haber from the Futuro Imperfecto de Indicativo tense, and that is habrás. To this auxiliary verb we add the Participio perdonado (so the exact same word as previously) to get habrás perdonado:
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Similarly, if we want to create the form for the third person singular, we conjugate haber in the Futuro tense and we use the corresponding person’s form (third person singular), namely habrá. Then we also take the same Participio as for all other persons, and putting them together we get habrá perdonado:
The first person plural has the form habremos perdonado. It’s created by following the same logic as in the other persons. We first take the form of the first person plural from haber conjugation in the Futuro Imperfecto de Indicativo tense: habremos. Second, and to this word we again add the Participio of perdonar: perdonado to get habremos perdonado:
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Again, let’s do the same for the second person plural. We have to get the conjugated form of the verb haber in the Futuro Imperfecto de Indicativo tense, second person plural, and it is habréis. Next, we take our unchanged Participio, we join them, and we get habréis perdonado:
And finally, the last grammatical person on the list, the third person plural, has the form habrán perdonado. We create it in the exact same manner as in all the other grammatical persons. We need the third person plural of haber first, from its Futuro conjugation. It is habrán. We add the Participio of perdonar again (perdonado) to get habrán perdonado:
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That’s it! The conjugation is now finished. But don’t end your session yet – it is very important to repeat and practice the material in order to remember it. Check below for next steps.
Next Steps
- To practice this conjugation and test your skills try this Conjugation Exercise or the Memory Game
- For exercises and examples related to perdonar visit our Exercise section
- To see conjugation charts in all tenses for perdonar visit the Conjugator
- To explore other learning materials visit the Study section